MICHAEL MROCHEN, PhD SCIENTIST & ENTREPRENEUR

Make better decisions
about ophthalmic
innovation.

I help investors, technology teams and clinic leaders assess the evidence, identify adoption barriers and decide what to do next.

Michael Mrochen, scientist and entrepreneur, photographed in 2022
MICHAEL MROCHENZug, Switzerland
MICHAEL MROCHEN · SCIENCE, PEOPLE & PRACTICE15 seconds · Silent film

EXPERIENCE ACROSS OPHTHALMIC INNOVATION

Laser vision correction Corneal cross-linking Tissue addition

SELECTED CONTRIBUTIONS

Experience from research
to clinical use.

My work spans optical research, product development and company building, alongside scientists, engineers and clinicians. These examples show my role, the evidence and the questions that remained.

THE WORK BEHIND THE IDEAS

Published. Invented.
Shared.

THE IROC PERSPECTIVE

From a scientific question
to a human difference.

01 / SCIENCE

Look closely.
Then question
the result.

An encouraging result is a starting point. In early wavefront-guided LASIK research, improved vision came with unresolved higher-order aberrations. Both findings mattered to the next development decision.

See what the early study showed
FROM THE SCIENTIFIC RECORD
2001

Clinical results of wavefront-guided LASIK
3 months after surgery

Mrochen · Kaemmerer · Seiler

An early study. Encouraging results. Questions still open.

Read the original study ↗

02 / EYE

See why optical
detail matters.

Adjust focus, spherical aberration and coma to see how small optical changes alter the ray pattern.

AN OPTICAL ILLUSTRATIONINTERACT / 01
Ten rays with adjustable focus, spherical aberration and comaParaxial focus is on the image plane. Spherical aberration is zero. Coma is zero. The dots mark the ten ray intersections with the image plane.
LensImage planeParaxial focus

CHANGE ONE OPTICAL PROPERTY AT A TIME

Focus position
BeforeBeyond

Move the focus of rays close to the axis relative to the image plane.

Spherical aberration
− Negative+ Positive

Positive: outer rays focus earlier. Negative: outer rays focus later.

Coma
− Negative+ Positive

Change the direction of the asymmetric ray spread.

Paraxial focus is on the image plane. Spherical aberration is zero. Coma is zero.

How this model works

Ten equally spaced rays in one vertical section. The controls are relative strengths, not dioptres, micrometres or Zernike coefficients. Coma is imposed independently; no compensating tilt is applied.

The letter sample uses the same ray offsets to suggest vertical spreading. It is not a retinal image, diffraction pattern or calibrated eye model. The controls do not provide diagnostic or treatment guidance.

For comparison without moving the sliders: zero aberration and aligned focus bring all ten rays to one point. Spherical aberration changes the focus of outer rays symmetrically; changing coma’s sign mirrors the asymmetric spread.

Optical principles ↗

AT THE IMAGE PLANE

Sampled vertical ray spreadEach dot is one ray at the image plane, arranged in columns by pupil position. Dots in a flat row indicate a common image height. Spherical aberration gives a symmetric spread about the axis; coma bends the fan to one side.10 samples across the pupil

Move one control at a time. The white ring marks the focus of rays near the axis; the green dots show where the ten rays reach the image plane.

A useful optical model shows both what it explains and what it leaves out. See the wavefront-guided LASIK research ↗

Michael Mrochen smiling on stage and raising a glass award beside another participant
ON STAGE · A SHARED MOMENT

03 / HUMAN

There is always
a person on the
other side.

Better vision matters in ordinary moments: reading a score, recognising a face, getting through the day.

A meal in a dark restaurant reminded me how much of daily life depends on sight.

Read the dark-room story

04 / SOLUTIONS

The clinic is
the real test.

Patients must value the result. Surgeons must be able to deliver it reliably. Explore what happens when one side is missing.

Explore clinical adoption
INTERACT / 02PRODUCT–MARKET FIT

Patients must value it.
Surgeons must want to
use it again.

Patient experience
FrustratedDelighted

Vision, recovery, expectations and daily life.

Surgeon experience
FrustratedDelighted

Confidence in outcomes, workflow and repeat use.

Surgeon experience
Patient experience
Patients see value. What makes delivery difficult for the surgeon?

Positive experiences are a starting point. Product–market fit also needs evidence of demand, repeat adoption and sustainable economics.

About this illustration

Explore hypothetical patient and surgeon experiences. The slider positions and map regions are qualitative assumptions, not measured satisfaction, clinical outcomes or validated thresholds. No combined score is calculated: a positive experience for one group does not cancel out friction for the other.

Discuss an adoption barrier ↗

05 / INNOVATION

The experiment works.
What happens next?

Before the next investment, identify which clinical, technical or adoption uncertainty matters most—and what evidence would change the decision.

Read: what happens after proof of concept?
INTERACT / 03SCIENCE INTO VALUE

Which uncertainty could
change the investment case?

Evidence can change the estimated chance of success. Move the assumption to see its effect in this simplified example.

Illustrative risk-adjusted
project value
45m
€0€100m
Assumed probability of commercial success
10% · Higher risk90% · Lower risk

Change the assumed probability. The values of success and failure remain fixed.

Example only: €100m if successful and €0 if unsuccessful. This is a probability-weighted project illustration, not a company valuation.

Assumptions & valuation principle

This two-outcome illustration weights each assumed net present value by its probability. For example, a 45% chance of success gives 0.45 × €100m + 0.55 × €0 = €45m. Failure value is simplified to zero.

The outcome values are held fixed in today’s money, with costs and timing assumed to be included. The tool does not estimate evidence quality or infer a probability from a study. Real project values also depend on market opportunity, remaining costs and timing; company equity value additionally reflects financing and other assets and liabilities.

More research does not automatically increase value. New findings can raise or lower the estimated chance of success. No actual project, company or investment return is forecast.

Valuation principle: Aswath Damodaran, NYU Stern ↗

Which clinical, technical or adoption uncertainty should you test before committing more capital?

Explore the investor perspective ↗

06 / IMPACT

The purpose is
life beyond the clinic.

The goal is a procedure people benefit from and teams can deliver reliably. That takes evidence, practical adoption and continued learning.

See the six assessment questions

BEYOND THE LABORATORY

Two wheels.
Two skis.
A different perspective.

Away from the laboratory and the boardroom, I enjoy riding my BMW R 1200 R and skiing. Both are a good reason to step away from a screen, spend time outdoors and enjoy the view. There is a person behind the publications—and he does occasionally close the laptop.